Headlight



May 20, 1924.

G. E. GLOSSOP HEADLIGHT Filed Oct. 18, 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTORATTORNEY G. E. GLOSSOP HEADLIGHT 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 18 192? IIIINVENTOR GEUHGEE. GLUE-5UP ATTORNEY May 20, 1924. 1,494.47?

G. E GLOSSOP I HEADLIGHT Filed Oct. 18. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 v INVENTORGEDR EEE. ELUS'EUP ATTORNEY Patented May 20, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFmE.

GEORGE E. 'GLOSSOP, OF OTTAWA, ONTARIO, CAN ADA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TOJOSEPH R. B. MOCREARY, OF OTTAWA, ONTARIO, CANADA.

HEADLIGHT.

Application filed October 18, 1922. Serial No. 595,344.

To all whom it may ooncern.

Be it known that I, GEORGE E. GLOSSOP,

a citizen of Dominion of Canada, and resident of Ottawa, in the countyof Carleton 5 and, Province of Ontario, Dominion of Canada, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Headlights, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention has relation to certain new l0 and useful improvements inheadlights and "in the provision of aheadlight of the character statedin which the lens/will be of concavo-oonvex form and practically acontinuation of the curved reflector and provided with central and sideprisms for deflecting the light rays passing through the lens.

' A further object of the invention resides in the provision of aheadlight of the chara'cter stated, which will be constructed in such amanner as to refract and deflect downwardly and sidewise the maximumnumber of light rays passing directly from the lamp bulb through thelens.

A further object resides in the provision of a headlight of thecharacter stated, which 40 will be of simple construction and operatibn,

composed of the minimum number-of parts and highly flicient in use,operating at all times to throw downwardly a diffused light to the side,as well asstraight ahead of the lamp. 4

A still further object of. theinvention resides in the provision of aheadlight of the I character stated, which is constructed in r such amanner that the entire rear part of the lamp structure serves as areflector while the lens constitutes the greater portion of the frontpart of the lamp structure and may be readily attached to the reflectorand the drum casing, enclosing the reflector, the

lamp bulb being suspended from one of the parts of the lamp structureand located concentrically of the reflector.

A still further object of the invention resides in the provisionof aheadlight of the character stated, which is constructed in such a mannerthat any of the parts thereof may be readily replaced or repairedwithout injury to the other parts.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, aslwill appear as thedescription proceeds, the invention consists in the novel construction,combination and arrangement. of .co-operatin elements, as hereinaftermore specifical y set forth, claimed and shown in the accompanyingdrawings form- .ing a part of the present application, in

which:

Fig.1 is a plan of the forward portion of a motor vehicle with a pair ofheadlights of the improved type mounted thereon.

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of one of the headlights.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the headlight. Fig. 4:- is a verticalsection through the headlight, substantially on the plane of line 4-4 ofF ig. 2, looking in, the direction in dicated by the arrows.

Fig. 5 isfa transverse horizontal section substantially on the plane ofline 5-5 of Fig. 3, looking in-the direction indicated by the arrows.

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5, showing a modified form of theinvention.

Fig. 7-is a View similar to Figs. 5 and 6, showing a furthermodification.

Fig. 8 is a vertical section through the form disclosedin Fig. 7.

Referring more in detail to the, drawings in which similar referencecharacters desig- :nate corresponding parts throughout the severalviews, 10 designates the reflector which is (if substantiallysemi-spherical form and which is positioned in the cylindricaldrumcasing 11 and detachably secured thereto by the attaching means 11, or.

by any other suitable means' or method, as

desired; The cylindrical drum casing'll has i an open forward side, withthe edge of which, one side of the forward'edge of the reflector lOregisters, as shown in Fig. 5. The reflector 10 is turned in such a'manner within the drum casing 11. that the other sideof the forwardedge of the-reflector 10 is positioned inwardly of the correspondingportion of the forward edge of the cylindri carried on the front part 12for engagementagainst the flanged forward edge '14 of the cylindricaldrum casing 11, after which the transverselyjsplit clamping ring 15 isplaced over the annular flange 13 and the flanged forward edge 14 andsecurely tightened thereon, by means of the clamp screw 16extendedthrough the parallel offset ends-17 of the transversely splitclamping ring 15,

as shown clearly in lig. 2. This will serve to securely hold the frontpart 12 in proper position at the front of the cylindrical drumcasing-11 and in engagement with the reflector 10. The annular flange 13is extended at an angle with respect to the rear edge of the front part12, to permit one side of the latter to extend into the cylindrical drumcasing 11 and engage the reflector 10. This entire structure may bereadily seen by referring to the drawings, particularly Fig. 5. It willalso be seen from the drawings, that a cushioning'ring 18 is extendedaround the reflectorlOand the front part- 12 within the cylindrical drumcasing llfand at the forward open side thereof, to properly retain theparts in normal position and prevent unnecessary vibration ormovement'thereof.

The lens 19 employed in theconstruction of this lamp is ofconcavo-convex form in horizontal section, as well as invertical-section. This can also be seen. from Figs. 4 and 5.- The lens19 is positioned'with its convex side turned out and arrangedconcentrically to the lamp bulb 20, which latter is also suspendedconcentrically of the reflector 10, thereby bringing the lamp bulb -20opposite the edge or near the edgeof the reflector 10, as shown in Fig.5. A lens opening 21 of substantially rectangular form is providedcentrally in the front part 12 with an inturned flange 22 provided alongthe vertical edges of the lens opening 21. Supporting bracket plates 23are provided on the inner face of the front part 12 along the edges ofthe lens opening 21 to receive and support the edges of the lens 19.This may also be clear by referring to Figs. 4 and 5. As will be clearfrom the drawings, the lens 19 projects through the lens opening 21 andis curved the same from top to bottom as from side to side, as varifiedby Figs. 4 and 5. The lens opening 21 being located to'one side ofthefront part 12, serves to offset the lens 19 from the front of the lampand thereby throw the light rays to the side of as well as the front ofthe machine. This is shown clearly in 1, in which view is indicated theresult of the specific construction of lamp disclosed in thisapplication.-

The lens 19 is provided on its central upper portion with arcuate prisms24 from the top of the lens 19 to a point slightly below the centrethereof and opposite the centre of the lamp bulb 20 suspended within thelamp structure. The arcuate prisms 24 are curved upwardly toward theupper corner portions of the lens 19 and serve to deflect the light raysand prevent the lamp from sending forth strong central rays known asspotlights, owing to some of the rays of light passing from the lampbulb 20 directly through the centre of the lens 19. Side prisms 26 arealso provided on the outer face of the lens 19 to either side of thecentral curved or arcuate prisms 24. These side prisms 26 are straightor horizontal and extend from the central curved or arcuate prisms 24 tothe sides of the lens 19. It will also be seen from Figs. 2 and 3 thatthe side prisms 26 are arranged in pairs on the opposite sides of thelens 19 and the lowermost side prisms 26 are slightly above thelowermost central arcuate prism 24'. The arcuate prisms 24 and thestraight prisms 26 refract and deflect downwardly and sidewlse the lightrays passing through the lens-19,

the side portions, of the arcuate risms 24 producing downward andsidew1se defiection while all other portions ofprisms 24 .and 26 deflectlight downwardly only.

The lampbulb 20 is removably carried on the socket 27- which ispreferably suspended on an incline from the upper portion of the frontpart 12, adjacent its connection with the reflector 10. The currentconducting wires 28 connect with the upper end of the socket 27 and thenpass through the cushioning ring 18, around the reflector 10 and out ofthe drum casing 11. by way of the insulating exit ring .or eyelet 29secured in the drum casing 11,'p referably at the open side thereof, asshown in Fig. 4.- By mounti'ngthe socket 27 in the manner stated thelamp bulb 20 is supported at or near the centre of the lamp structureformed by the reflector 10 and the front part 12, thereby placing thelamp bulb 20. concentrically with both of these parts and alsoconcentrically. of the lens 19. This will result in the desiredreflecting of the rays of light by the reflector 10. As seen in Fig. '1,.the position of the lens 19 for the lamps at the opposite sides of thevehicle should be reversed so as to cause spreading of the light to eachside of the machine and a crossing of the forwardly directed light raysa short distance in front of the vehicle. This can be accomplished bysimply reversing the front part 12 before reflector 10.

turned in the reverse direction with respect to the drum casing 11 andthen "securing the parts of the lamp to one another, as previouslystated.

The reflector 10 has an eccentric oflset portion 30 whichis directedrearwardly to accommodate an auxiliary lamp bulb 31 'rearwardly of ,anddirectly opposite the lamp bulb 20.

This auxiliary lamp bulb 31 is suitably secured in the eccentric ofl'setportion 30 of the reflector 10 directly opposite the forward lamp bulb20. By providing this second or auxiliary lamp bulb31, however, thestrength and volume of light passing through the lens 19 will beconsiderably increased, owing to the multiplication of light rays thrownto and reflected by the Some of the light rays striking the eccentricoffset portion 30 of the reflector 10 will be reflected by this portionof the reflector directly to the lens 19, while other rays of light will'first strike this part of the reflector and then be directed to themain part of the reflector 10 before passing through the lens 19. Thisprovides for a thorough diflusing and softening of the light from thelamp. The volume of-light which includes the two lamp bulbs 20 and 31,as described and illustrated in the preferred form of the invention.'Inthe form disclosed in Fig. 6, however, the front part 12 of the lampstructure-has its flange 13' extended around and even with the rear edgethereof. The lens opening 21 in the front part 12 is offset from thecentre thereof so as to cause the lens 19 to be positioned to one sideof the front part 12 and serve in the same manner as, in the other formdisclosed. This permits of a placing of'the opposed edges of thereflector. 10 and the front part 12 evenwith the forward open side ofthe drum casing 11. The result in this second form is the same, however,as in the preferred form of the invention and eliminates the necessityof turning the reflector 10 and front part 12 within the drum casing 11.In the last form, the offset portion 30' is practically concentric tothe main portion of the reflector 1Q so as to position the auxiliarylamp bulb'31 directly opposite and rearwardly of the lamp bulb 20. Inthe form disclosed in Fig. 6 the lamp bulb 20 is supported slightlyinwardly of the forward edge of the reflector 10, while 'in thepreferred form of the invention the lamp bulb 20 is preferably suspendedin line witlrthe forward edge of the reflector 10,

further detailed description. It may as shown clearly in Figs. 4 and 5.Attentionis-also directed to the'fact that the" walls of the offsetportions 30 and 30' of the re- 'flector 10. in the preferred andmodified forms, respectively, are flared and the auxiliary lamp bulbs 31are located in the rear of such offset portions 30 and 30 and cannot beconsidered as being located concentrically of said oflset portions 30and 30'. Therefore, many of the rays of light emanating from theauxiliary lamp bulbs 31 will not be thrownback to the same but will bereflected at various angles thereto. This should be clear from referenceto Figs. 5 and 6. t

The complete construction and operation of the forms of lamp orheadlight thus fardescribed should now be apparent to parties familiarwith such devices, from the foregoing paragraphs taken in connectionwith the accompanying drawings, withogt e briefly stated, however. thatthe .parts of the lamp may be readily manufactured at small costandassembled or taken apart, as desired. \Vhen properly positioned andconnected, all of the parts will co-operate to throw asoft and diffusedlight to one side of, as well as forwardly of the. lamp and eliminatethe spotlight which is' objectionable in the conventional forms ofheadlights now in general use.

In Figs. 7 and 8 a further modification of the invention is disclosed.In this form, the reflector 10' is of semi-spherical shape and isprovided with no ofl'set'portion ofany character. Therefore, theauxiliary lamp bulb employed in the previous forms of the invention isalso dispensed with, while the single lamp bulb 20 employed in this newform is suspended concentrically of the reflector 10 and locatedopposite the edge of the reflector. The lens 19 is supported in the samemanner in this form, in--the lens opening 21 which is located centrallyof the front part 12. This front part 12 and reflector 10' have theiredges engaged and are turned at anangle within the cylindrical drumcasing 11, as shown more clearly in F ig. 7. The lens 19 is extendedconcentrically of the lamp bulb 20 and is constructed the same as in theother forms of the lamp and will serve to refract and deflect the lightrays and permit spreading of the lit) operation andjmany advantages ofthe last form should be clear, withoutfurther recital thereof.

When a pair of headlights constructed in accordance with this inventionare employed on a vehicle, a substantially even light will be thrownfrom each headlight in such a manner as to clearly illuminate thesurface to either side ofthe vehicle as well as in front of the same andthereby reduce to the minimum liability of collision with anothervehicle on a narrow road or when approaching or turning corners orpassing over intersecting roads. It is also evident that the front part12 of the lamp structure may be readily removed for purposes of repairto the same, for replacing of the lamp bulb or bulbs 20 and 31 or forother purposes and whenever required, the reflector 10 may be removed orreplaced, without having to disturb the drum casing 11. Furthermore,

; the headlights will not have to be turned with the steering gear in order"to'1llum1- nate the surface to the-side of the machine when turningthe same, asin the former types of headlights.

While the preferred embo liment of the invention has been disclosed, itis to be unders'tood that minor changes in the details of construction,combination and arrangement of co-operating elements maybe re-' sortedtowithin the scope of what is claimed, without departing from the spiritofthe invention. i

What I claim as new is: 1. A headlight including a curved reflector; aconcavo-convex lens opposed to said curved reflector; and light emittingmeans suspended between said lens and said reflector; said lens beingarranged at an angle to the longitudinal center of theheadlight andpermitting spreading of the light rays forwardly of and to one side ofsaid headlight at an angle of at least ninety degrees; said lens'havinga transverse, clear lower portion to permit direct rays and alsoreflected rays of light from the light emitting means to spread over thesurface forwardlyof and to one side of the headlight; said lens havingseries of prisms arranged at its, upper portion for refracting anddeflecting light rays from 'the'light emitting means and from-thereflector onto the surface forwardly of and to, one side of theheadlight and causing asoftening of the light rays. i

2. A headlight including a curved reflector, a transversely andvertically curved lens connected with said reflector; and light emittingmeans between said reflector and said lens; said curved lens beingprovided with a clear curved portion and central and side lightrefracting and deflecting prisms above and extending to the said clearcurved portion from one edge of'the lens; said lens by means of saidprisms.

3. A headlight includinga reflector; a bulb within said reflector; and alight refracting and'deflecting lens arranged with respect to saidreflector and said bulb in such a manner as to refract and deflect thelight rays downwardly and sidewise of the lamp as well as in front ofthe same; said reflector having a rearwardly offset portion; sald lenshaving central curved PIISIIIS'OII its upper portion and straight sideprisms on its upper portlon; the lowermost curved central prism having'its greater portion extending lower than the lowermost straight sideprisms; said central and side prisms being located .on the outer face ofsaid lens and serving to ,refractand deflect the light rays passingoutwardly through said lens.

4. A headlight including a curved reflector; a lens opposed to saidcurved reflector; and light emitting means suspended between said lensand said reflector; said lens being constructed and arranged so as todeflect and permit spreading of the light rays for- .wardly of'and toone side of said lamp at an angle of at least ninety degrees; saidreflector having a rearwardly offset portion;

said lens having central curved prisms onits'upper portion and straightside prisms on its upper portion; the lowermost curved central prismhaving its greater portion extending lower than the lowermost straightside prisms; said central and side prisms being located on the outerface of said lens and serving to refract and deflect downwardly andsidewise the light rays passing outwardly through said lens.

K 5. A headlight including a reflector; a bulb mounted within saidreflector; and a lens' opposite said reflector and constructed andarranged to distribute the light rays from the bulb direct and from thereflector thereof {said reflector having a rearwardly offset portion;said lens having central curved prisms on its upper portion and straightside prisms on its upper portion; the lowermost curved central prismhaving its greater portion extending lower than the lowermost straightside prisms; said central and side prisms being located on the outerface of said lens and serving to refract and deflect downwardly andsidewise the light rays passing outwardly through said lens; saidrearwardly oflset portion of the reflector being eccentric to the mainportion 'thereof and to the lens.

6 A headlight including a reflector; a bulb withinsaid reflector; alight retracting ill) , of the lamp as well as in front of the same; 7

and deflecting lens arranged with respect to said reflector and saidbulb in such a-manner as to distribute the light rays to one side a drumcasing for said reflector; a detachable front part for said lamp; saidlens bemg carried in said detachable front part and offset to one sidefrom the open front of the drum casing; the edge of said detachablefront part being opposed to the front side of the drum casing and theforward end of the reflector; means for removably securing said frontpart to said drum casing; means for securing said reflector in setposition within'said drum casing; and a second auxiliary bulb withinsaid reflector rearwardly of and opposite the first mentioned bulb.

7. A headlight including a reflector; a lens connected with saidreflector and corresponding in shape thereto; light emitting meansbetween said reflector and said lens; said lens being constructed andarranged-to provide for refracting and deflecting downwardly andsidewise the direct rays of light from said light emitting means andspreading the light rays forwardly of'and to one side of the lamp; adrum casing for said reflector; a detachable front part for said lamp;said lens being carried in said detachable front part and offset to oneside from the open front of the drum casing; the edge of said detachablefront part being opposed to the front side of the drum casing and theforward end of the reflector; means for removably securing said frontpart to said drum casing; means for securing said reflector in setposition within said drum casing; and a second auxiliary light emittingmeans within said reflector 'rearwardly of and opposite the firstmentioned light emitting means.

8. A headlight including a reflector; a bulb arranged within saidreflector; and a lens arranged with respect to said reflector and saidbulb to distribute the light rays from said bulb to one side as well asforwardly and downwardly from the lamp; said reflector having arearwardly offset portion; said lens having central curved prisms on itsupper portion and straight side prisms on its upper portion; thelowermost curved central prism having its greater portion extendinglower than the lowermost straight side prisms; said central and sideprisms being located on the outer face of said lens and serving torefract and deflect downavardly and "sidewise the light rays passingoutwardly through said lens; a drum for said reflector; for said lamp;said lens being carried in said detachable front part and offset to oneside from the open front of the drum casing; the edge of said detachablefront part being opposed to the 'front side of the drum casing and theforward end of the reflector; means for removably securing said frontpart to said drum easing; means for securing said reflector in setposition within said drum casing; and a second auxiliary bulb withinsaid reflector rearwardly of and opposite the first mentioned bulb; saidauxiliary bulb being mounted in said rearwardly oflset portion of thereflector.

casing a detachable front part 9. A headlight including a reflector; a

bulb within'said reflector; and a light refraeting and deflecting lensarranged with respect-to said reflector and said bulb in such a manneras to distribute the light rays to one side of the lamp as well as infront of the same; said reflector having a rearwardly offset portion;said lens having central curved prisms on its upper portion and straightside prisms on its upper portion; the lowermost curved central prismhaving its greater portion extending lower than the lowermost straightside prisms; said central and side prisms being located on the outerface of said lens and serving to refract and deflect downwardly andsidewise the light rays passing outwardly through said lens; saidreflector and saidlens both being arranged concentrically with respectto said bulb; said reflector be ng of substantially semi-spherical form;said lens being of concavo-convex form and supported practically in thearm partially described by said reflector.

In testimony whereof, I aflix my signa-

